@Article{MirandaRRDCFMOS:2020:DeExPh,
               author = "Miranda, Francisco Farias and Ramos, Fernando Manuel and von 
                         Randow, Celso and Dias J{\'u}nior, Cl{\'e}o Quaresma and 
                         Chamecki, Marcelo and Fuentes, Jose D. and Manzi, Ant{\^o}nio 
                         Ocimar and Oliveira, Marceliano E. de and Souza, Cledenilson M. 
                         de",
          affiliation = "{Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)} and {Instituto Nacional 
                         de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)} and {University of California} and {The 
                         Pennsylvania State University} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade do Estado do 
                         Amazonas (UEA)} and {Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)}",
                title = "Detection of extreme phenomena in the stable boundary layer over 
                         the Amazonian forest",
              journal = "Atmosphere",
                 year = "2020",
               volume = "11",
               number = "9",
                pages = "e952",
                month = "Sept.",
             keywords = "extreme phenomena, turbulence regimes, nocturnal boundary layer.",
             abstract = "We apply different methods for detection of extreme phenomena (EP) 
                         in air-turbulent time series measured in the nocturnal boundary 
                         layer above the Amazon forest. The methods used were: (a) a Morlet 
                         complex wavelet transform, which is often used in analysis of 
                         non-linear application processes. Through the use of the wavelet, 
                         it is possible to observe a phase singularity that involves a 
                         strong interaction between an extensive range of scales; (b) 
                         recurrence plot tests, which were used to identify a sudden change 
                         between different stable atmospheric states. (c) statistical 
                         analysis of early-warning signals, which verify simultaneous 
                         increases in the autocorrelation function and in the variance in 
                         the state variable; and (d) analysis of wind speed versus 
                         turbulent kinetic energy to identify different turbulent regimes 
                         in the stable boundary layer. We found it is adequate to use a 
                         threshold to classify the cases of strong turbulence regime, as a 
                         result of the occurrence of EP in the tropical atmosphere. All 
                         methods used corroborate and indicate synergy between events that 
                         culminate in what we classify as EP of the stable boundary layer 
                         above the tropical forest.",
                  doi = "10.3390/ATMOS11090952",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ATMOS11090952",
                 issn = "2073-4433",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "miranda_detection.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}